Lum v. State
101 A.3d 970
Del.2014Background
- Lum possessed ammunition and brass knuckles in a vehicle he drove; he concedes lack of entitlement to possess the items
- State's case-in-chief evidence showed Lum’s knowledge or control of the items when the vehicle was stopped
- Evidence supported constructive possession: Lum had long possession of the vehicle, personal property of Lum scattered in the vehicle, and contraband within reach of Lum's seated position
- Lum argued the trial court erred by not ruling on his motion at the end of the State’s case-in-chief; argument raised in footnote and waived under Rule 14(b)(vi)(A)(3)
- Even if ruling was deferred, the delay was harmless because the State’s case included sufficient evidence of Lum’s knowledge beyond what came in during his own case
- The Superior Court’s judgment is affirmed
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sufficiency of evidence for knowing possession | Lum argues insufficient evidence | State had sufficient evidence for knowing possession | Yes, sufficient evidence |
| Waiver of the motion argument raised in a footnote | Argument presented in footnote | Waived under Rule 14(b)(vi)(A)(3) | Waived |
| Harmlessness of delayed ruling on judgment of acquittal | Delay prejudiced Lum | Delay harmless; evidentiary sufficiency independent | Harmless error |
Key Cases Cited
- Lecates v. State, 987 A.2d 413 (Del. 2009) (discusses possession concepts and sufficiency of evidence for constructive possession)
- State v. Clayton, 988 A.2d 935 (Del. 2010) (possession and knowledge standards for contraband)
- Robertson v. State, 596 A.2d 1345 (Del. 1991) (prosecutorial remarks on silence and plain error standard)
- Americas Mining Corp. v. Theriault Eyeglasses, 51 A.3d 1213 (Del. 2012) (Rule 14; footnotes not for argument; waivers)
- Roca v. E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Co. Eyeglasses, 842 A.2d 1238 (Del. 2004) (opening brief requirements; waiver of issues)
