120 A.D.3d 413
N.Y. App. Div.2014Background
- Policy excludes coverage for loss caused by dishonest or criminal acts by anyone entrusted with the insured property.
- Plaintiffs leased the premises to a tenant who converted the youth hostel plan, removed kitchen cabinets and appliances, and did not return them after the hostel closed.
- Plaintiffs argued entrustment applies only to chattels not fixtures, citing various authorities, while the insurer argued entrustment covers the premises under the lease.
- Plaintiffs admitted in verified interrogatories that the tenant was the thief, a claim the deposition did not meaningfully contradict.
- The trial court granted summary judgment for the insurer and denied the plaintiffs’ cross-motion for liability; appellate division affirmed.
- The decision explains the policy language must be given its ordinary meaning and analyzes whether the alleged entrustment includes fixtures under a triple net lease.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether the dishonest acts exclusion applies. | Lexington Park argues entrustment is limited to chattels, not fixtures. | National Union contends entrustment covers premises and fixtures under a triple net lease. | Yes, exclusion applies. |
| Whether entrustment includes fixtures under the lease. | Entrustment pertains only to movable property, not fixtures. | Entrustment covers the entire premises under the lease. | Entrustment includes the premises; fixtures may be entrusted. |
| Whether plaintiffs admitted the thief's identity. | The president’s statements and interrogatories show admission. | Deposition testimony creates questions of fact. | No genuine issue of material fact; admission stands. |
| Whether the 2011 letter admitted coverage or waived rights. | Letter suggested possible coverage. | Letter was tentative and conditioned on policy terms; not an admission or waiver. | Letter did not admit coverage or waive rights. |
| Whether waiver doctrine applies to defeat denial of coverage. | Waiver could apply due to admissions or behavior. | Waiver not applicable where coverage existence is in dispute. | Waiver inapplicable. |
Key Cases Cited
- Abrams v. Great Am. Ins. Co., 269 N.Y. 90 (N.Y. 1935) (interprets entrustment language; ordinary meaning of policy terms)
