Lacee M. Garber, n/k/a Lacee M. Cochran v. State of Indiana (mem. dec.)
34A02-1609-CR-2039
| Ind. Ct. App. | May 30, 2017Background
- Garber worked (2005–2013) as a paralegal/office manager for attorney Michael Krebes and had access to firm and client trust accounts.
- Garber diverted client retainers and settlement funds, concealed disciplinary complaints, and used firm accounts for personal expenditures; two victims named were Delores Pendergrass and Thomas Melton.
- Krebes discovered extensive misconduct in late 2013, suffered disciplinary consequences and civil exposure, and valued his loss at $123,818.45.
- Garber pleaded guilty pursuant to a written plea agreement to two counts of Class C felony forgery and one count of Class D felony theft; the parties disagreed on restitution amount and left calculation to the trial court.
- At sentencing the court ordered $100,000 restitution: $20,200 as a probation condition and $79,800 as a civil judgment; Garber appealed only the restitution amount.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether Garber waived appellate review of the restitution amount by agreeing to leave calculation to the trial court | State: Garber waived review because she expressly left amount to court discretion | Garber: Amount is excessive and should be reduced | Court: Garber waived the right to challenge by affirmatively leaving calculation to the court; even on the merits, $100,000 was within discretion |
Key Cases Cited
- Bell v. State, 59 N.E.3d 959 (Ind. 2016) (appellate review of restitution orders and discussion of waiver and sentencing review)
- Kays v. State, 963 N.E.2d 507 (Ind. 2012) (restitution lies within trial court's sentencing discretion)
- Ryan v. Janovsky, 999 N.E.2d 895 (Ind. Ct. App. 2013) (waiver is an affirmative act; silence does not necessarily constitute waiver)
- Pohle v. Cheatham, 724 N.E.2d 655 (Ind. Ct. App. 2000) (discussing principles of waiver)
