Kou Her v. State
457 S.W.3d 659
Ark.2015Background
- After a three-day jury trial, Kou Her was convicted of first-degree murder (life), aggravated residential burglary (life), attempted kidnapping (30 years), first-degree battery (15 years), and aggravated assault (2 years); all sentences run consecutively.
- Counsel filed an Anders-type no-merit brief and a motion to withdraw under Arkansas Rule 4-3(k) after exhausting trial proceedings.
- Her later filed a pro se brief seeking reversal under Rule 4-3(k)(2).
- The majority holds that Burnett’s brief did not comply with Rule 4-3(k)(l) because it failed to address adverse rulings and omitted sufficiency/-directed-verdict issues; independent review under 4-3(i) remains separate from Anders duties.
- The court orders rebriefing, requiring replacement briefing within 15 days, with Her allowed to respond within 30 days; the withdrawal motion is denied without prejudice.
- The dissent would grant review under mandatory Rule 4-3(i) review despite incomplete Anders briefing and would allow continuation of the appeal.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether Rule 4-3(k)(l) was satisfied by Burnett’s brief | Her | Her | No; rebriefing required |
| Whether adverse rulings were adequately addressed in the no-merit brief | Her | Burnett failed to list/address adverse rulings | No; need to address all adverse rulings |
| Whether James v. State remains valid law given Anders | Her | Majority overrules James to align with Anders | James overruled; Anders governs |
| Whether the court can perform Rule 4-3(i) review without proper Anders briefing | Her | Anders and Rule 4-3(k) are distinct; review appropriate | Independent 4-3(i) review cannot substitute for Anders duties; but rebriefing required |
| Whether the appeal should be heard despite no-merit briefing failures | Her | Counsel’s failure warrants rebriefing | Rebriefing ordered; withdrawal denied without prejudice |
Key Cases Cited
- Anders v. California, 386 U.S. 738 (U.S. 1967) (no-merit procedure requires advocate’s brief and court review)
- Sartin v. State, 362 S.W.3d 877 (Ark. 2010) (no-merit brief must address all adverse rulings; otherwise rebriefing required)
- Penson v. Ohio, 488 U.S. 75 (U.S. 1988) (appellate review requires counsel’s brief; withdrawal without briefing is improper)
- Gilliam v. State, 808 S.W.2d 738 (Ark. 1991) (recognizes independent appellate review following Anders procedure)
- James v. State, 372 S.W.3d 800 (Ark. 2010) (footnote discusses adverse rulings; later deemed inconsistent with Anders by majority)
- Thompson v. State, 2014 Ark. 79 (Ark. 2014) (no-merit briefing issues in life-imprisonment cases require consideration)
