997 N.W.2d 621
N.D.2023Background
- Thomas and Jean Kaspari married in 1983; Jean filed for divorce in 2019 and the litigation produced multiple appeals and a remand to the district court.
- Following the remand, the district court entered a second amended judgment; Jean served Thomas with notice of entry of that judgment on February 22, 2023.
- Thomas filed a Rule 60(b) motion for relief from judgment on April 19, 2023 (56 days after notice of entry of judgment and more than 28 days later).
- The district court denied Thomas’s Rule 60(b) motion and served notice of entry of that order on June 12, 2023.
- On June 12, 2023, Thomas filed a notice of appeal purporting to appeal both the second amended judgment and the order denying his Rule 60(b) motion.
- The Supreme Court held it lacked jurisdiction over the appeal of the second amended judgment (untimely), but concluded the appeal of the Rule 60(b) denial was timely; however the Rule 60(b) denial was not briefed on appeal and therefore was not considered on the merits. The court also cautioned counsel for offensive language in a brief but imposed no sanction.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Timeliness / jurisdiction of appeal from the second amended judgment | Jean: appeal is untimely because notice of appeal was filed more than 60 days after service of notice of entry and the Rule 60 motion did not toll the 60-day period | Thomas: his Rule 60(b) motion tolled the time to appeal (so his appeal of the judgment should be timely) | Appeal of second amended judgment was untimely and dismissed for lack of jurisdiction |
| Whether the appeal of the order denying the Rule 60(b) motion should be reached on the merits | Jean: implicitly that the denial should be affirmed / the appeal fails procedurally or on the merits | Thomas: appealed the denial but failed to present argument in his brief on why the court abused its discretion | Notice of appeal of the order was timely, but Thomas abandoned the issue by failing to brief it; the order denying Rule 60(b) relief is affirmed |
| Professionalism of appellate filings and potential sanctions for abusive language | Jean (via counsel): amended brief to remove offensive language and explained inadvertent inclusion | Thomas: not directly involved in this point | No sanctions imposed but the court warned counsel about using uncivil or abusive language and cautioned that future filings may prompt sanctions |
Key Cases Cited
- Kaspari v. Kaspari, 982 N.W.2d 291 (prior remand directing entry of second amended judgment)
- Hoffarth v. Hoffarth, 949 N.W.2d 824 (jurisdictional requirement before considering merits of appeal)
- Jacobs-Raak v. Raak, 942 N.W.2d 879 (time limit for filing notice of appeal is jurisdictional)
- Desert Partners IV, L.P. v. Benson, 855 N.W.2d 608 (Rule 3/4 appellate timing principles)
- Werven v. Werven, 877 N.W.2d 9 (Rule 60 motion filed within 28 days tolls time to appeal divorce judgment)
- Waslaski v. State, 830 N.W.2d 228 (distinguishes tolling for Rule 60 motions not filed within 28 days of notice)
- Trosen v. Trosen, 982 N.W.2d 527 (arguments not adequately briefed will not be considered)
- Riskey v. Riskey, 917 N.W.2d 488 (issues not briefed are deemed abandoned and not considered on appeal)
