2 N.E.3d 50
Ind. Ct. App.2014Background
- Mohr and Kastner entered Smith’s lakefront property at night without permission.
- A hammock tied between two trees on Smith’s property collapsed, injuring Mohr and killing Kastner.
- Mohr sued Smith for premises liability; Smith moved for summary judgment.
- The trial court granted summary judgment in Smith’s favor; Mohr appealed.
- Smith acknowledged public incidental presence but argued she provided only permissive access, not an invitation.
- Court affirmed summary judgment, ruling Mohr was at most a licensee and Smith had no latent-danger knowledge to warn about.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Was Mohr a licensee or invitee on Smith’s land? | Mohr was a public invitee due to open access. | Mohr was a licensee; Smith did not invite the public. | Mohr was at most a licensee. |
| Did Smith breach any duty to a licensee? | Smith failed to warn of latent danger (dead tree). | No latent danger known; no duty breached. | No breach; duty not violated as a matter of law. |
| Was summary judgment proper given the facts? | There are genuine issues of material fact. | Undisputed facts negate duty breach; no factual dispute. | Summary judgment proper. |
Key Cases Cited
- Burrell v. Meads, 569 N.E.2d 637 (Ind. 1991) (adopts invitation-test framework for invitee status; distinguishes licensee vs. invitee)
- McCormick v. State, 673 N.E.2d 829 (Ind. Ct. App. 1996) (invitation vs. permission; mere permission makes visitor a licensee)
- Rhoades v. Heritage Invs., LLC, 839 N.E.2d 788 (Ind. Ct. App. 2005) (landowner duty to licensee is to warn of latent dangers known to owner)
