Jennifer Moore, d/b/a Silly Bear Daycare, and Willie Moore, III
2015 WY 11
| Wyo. | 2015Background
- Plaintiffs, Milatzo Subdivision residents, sought to enjoin Jennifer Moore d/b/a Silly Bear Daycare and Willie Moore from operating a daycare out of their Milatzo home as a violation of subdivision covenants.
- Covenants prohibit any lot being used for business and restrict use to residential purposes, with explicit prohibitions on residential properties being used as a business.
- Defendants began operating the daycare in September 2012; Jennifer Moore owns the business and employs one on-site assistant.
- Plaintiffs alleged the daycare violated the covenants and requested permanent injunctive relief; Defendants answered asserting abandonment of covenants and racial-motivation defenses and asserted a counterclaim.
- The district court found the covenants were not abandoned, held that the daycare is a business, and that the operation harmed Plaintiffs, granting a permanent injunction against operation at the residence.
- Defendants acknowledged signing an Acceptance and Acknowledgement of Covenants prior to opening the daycare and argued lack of a Buildings and Covenants Committee supported abandonment.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether the covenants were abandoned | Moore contends covenants had been abandoned due to prior violations. | Moore argues existing violations amount to radical, permanent neighborhood change signaling abandonment. | No clear error; covenants not abandoned. |
Key Cases Cited
- Keller v. Branton, 667 P.2d 650 (Wy. 1983) (abandonment requires radical, permanent change to defeat covenant purpose)
- Hammons v. Table Mountain Ranches Owners Ass'n, 72 P.3d 1153 (Wy. 2003) (abandonment requires substantial destruction of covenant benefits)
- Myers v. Armstrong, 324 P.3d 388 (N.M. App. 2014) (lack of active enforcement does not excuse covenant compliance)
