973 N.E.2d 606
Ind. Ct. App.2012Background
- LLC sued Mitchell, Elway, J.T. Mitchell, Inc., and Sevan for environmental damage at the 10th and The Bypass site; alleged Mitchell personal liability under the responsible corporate officer doctrine.
- Mitchell moved for partial summary judgment on personal liability; LLC cross-moved on that issue.
- January 11, 2010 order granted Mitchell partial summary judgment; no final 54(B) directive.
- June 3, 2011 LLC and Elway moved to vacate and tendered Susan Johnson's statement and deposition.
- Trial court vacated the January Order, reinstated Mitchell as a defendant, and relied on Trial Rule 54(B) revision to permit reconsideration based on new evidence.
- Mitchell appeals, arguing Rule 56(C) timing and due diligence under Rule 60(B); court affirms, holding 54(B) controls and the order to vacate was not an abuse of discretion.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether Rule 56(C) timing governs new evidence after partial SJ | Mitchell argues the new evidence designation after 56(C) is barred. | LLC/Elway contend vacating partial SJ is permissible to consider new evidence. | 54(B) controls; vacate allowed. |
| Whether the January Order was final under 54(B) | The order should be final as to Mitchell. | The order was interlocutory and not final. | The order remained interlocutory and subject to revision. |
| Whether Rule 60(B) due diligence applies to interlocutory orders | Allstate diligence standard should apply to vacatur. | Rule 60(B) only applies to final judgments. | 60(B) does not apply to interlocutory orders. |
| Whether the trial court properly weighed the factors for revision under 54(B) | Newly designated Johnson evidence undermines the January Order. | The evidence is highly relevant and justifies revision. | The court did not abuse its discretion; vacating was proper. |
Key Cases Cited
- HomEq Servicing Corp. v. Baker, 883 N.E.2d 95 (Ind. 2008) (securing time limits under 56(C) not controlling for interlocutory relief)
- Desai v. Croy, 805 N.E.2d 844 (Ind. Ct. App. 2004) (extension of time to designate evidence under 56(C))
- City of Elkhart v. SFS, LLC, 968 N.E.2d 812 (Ind. Ct. App. 2012) (untimely designation of evidence generally not considered)
- Borsuk v. Town of St. John, 820 N.E.2d 118 (Ind. 2005) (extension/limits under 56(C) considerations)
- Berry v. Huffman, 643 N.E.2d 327 (Ind. 1994) (final judgment standards; Rule 54(B) applicable)
- Gibson v. Evansville Vanderburgh Bldg. Comm’n, 725 N.E.2d 949 (Ind. Ct. App. 2000) (inherent power to reconsider interlocutory decisions)
- Hartig v. Stratman, 760 N.E.2d 668 (Ind. Ct. App. 2002) (due diligence and 54(B) considerations on reconsideration)
- Sequa Coatings Corp. v. Northern Indiana Commuter Transportation District, 796 N.E.2d 1216 (Ind. Ct. App. 2003) (reconsideration of partial SJ under 54(B) and timing of newly designated evidence)
- Sequa Coatings Corp. v. Northern Indiana Commuter Transportation District, 800 N.E.2d 926 (Ind. Ct. App. 2003) (clarified on reh’g; restricts new evidence when not properly before court)
- Allstate Insurance Co. v. Fields, 842 N.E.2d 804 (Ind. 2006) (Rule 60 applies to final judgments only)
- John Simmons Co. v. Grier Brothers Co., 258 U.S. 82 (U.S. 1922) (authority cited on revision under 54(b))
