303 P.3d 1042
Wash.2013Background
- Jafar sought a parenting plan and filed a GR 34 fee waiver based on indigence.
- Indigence alleged due to reliance on TANF and food stamps; monthly income $385.
- Trial court found indigent but granted partial waiver: waived $200 filing fee, but taxed $20 facilitator surcharge and $30 judicial stabilization surcharge; required $50 within 90 days.
- Formally, the fee waiver asked for “all” fees and surcharges; the court crossed out “all” and ordered partial payment.
- This interlocutory action is reviewable on appeal; court remanded to waive all filing fees and surcharges.
- GR 34 interprets indigence as requiring full waiver of fees to ensure access to justice.
- The decision vacates the trial court’s order and directs full waiver of all fees and surcharges for indigent litigants.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Does GR 34 require full waiver of fees for indigent litigants? | Jafar: rule mandates full waiver. | WACO: court may partially waive. | Full waiver required; partial waiver improper. |
| May a trial court grant partial waivers under GR 34 after indigency is found? | Jafar: no partial waivers allowed. | WACO: discretionary to waive all, some, or none. | Partial waivers not permitted; must waive all. |
| Is Jafar's challenge ripe for review? | Indigence and fee payment obligation affect access now. | Not addressed specifically. | Claim held ripe; legal question can be resolved on record. |
Key Cases Cited
- Griffin v. Illinois, 351 U.S. 12 (1956) (due process and equal protection require access to courts for indigents in civil matters)
- Boddie v. Connecticut, 401 U.S. 371 (1971) (due process and equal protection in civil family-law contexts; access to courts)
- M.L.B. v. S.L.J., 519 U.S. 102 (1996) (appellate review limitations in civil cases; selective applicability to family rights)
- O’Connor v. Matzdorff, 76 Wn.2d 589 (1969) (state duty to waive fees to protect access to courts; indigence context)
- Iverson v. Marine Bancorporation, 83 Wn.2d 163 (1973) (state's duty to open courts to indigents; fees for appeals)
