343 P.3d 407
Wyo.2015Background
- Appellant DRW (Father) is the father of ARW, born in 2002, who has been cared for by DLP and MLP (Adoptive Couple) since ARW was three weeks old.
- ARW's mother relinquished parental rights and consented to adoption by Appellees in 2012; ARW remained under Appellees' guardianship thereafter.
- Father was incarcerated for two counts of sexual abuse of a minor; he had limited contact with ARW during incarceration and ARW lived primarily with Appellees.
- Appellees filed a petition to terminate parental rights under Wyo. Stat. Ann. § 14-2-309(a)(iv) on April 8, 2013; default was entered against Father on May 8, 2013.
- The district court granted counsel, appointed a GAL, ordered a home study, and later denied Father's motion to set aside the default.
- A termination hearing occurred on February 11, 2014; the court found Father incarcerated and unfit, and held ICWA inapplicable.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether ICWA applies to the termination. | DRW argues ARW may be an Indian child due to her mother's heritage and ICWA notice requirements apply. | appellees argue Adoptive Couple v. Baby Girl requires ICWA not apply where breakup is not precipitated by termination and mother relinquished rights. | ICWA not applicable. |
| Whether the district court abused its discretion in denying the default set‑aside motion. | DRW claims good cause existed due to transfer between correctional facilities and lack of access to papers. | Appellees contend Father offered no evidence of good cause; service was timely and delay was unjustified. | No abuse of discretion; no good cause shown. |
| Whether evidence supports termination by clear and convincing evidence. | Appellees established unfitness by incarceration and related inability to meet ARW's needs. | Father suggests insufficient evidence of unfitness; argues placement considerations were not shown. | Evidence supports unfitness; termination upheld. |
Key Cases Cited
- Adoptive Couple v. Baby Girl, 133 S. Ct. 2552 (U.S. 2013) (ICWA applies when breakup of an Indian family would be precipitated; not implicated where parent relinquishes rights and no native heritage.)
- In re KAT, 288 P.3d 1217 (Wy. 2012) (incarceration impacts fitness; evaluate at termination; prior unfitness relevant)
