592 B.R. 672
Bankr. N.D. Ill.2018Background
- Debtors Harold and Lorraine Wade filed a Chapter 13 petition on January 15, 2015, after a prior joint Chapter 13 case was dismissed less than one year earlier.
- Because the prior case was dismissed within one year, 11 U.S.C. § 362(c)(3) caused the automatic stay to terminate 30 days after filing (Feb 14, 2015) unless the debtors obtained an extension; debtors filed but failed to re-notice a timely stay-extension motion, so the stay expired.
- After the stay expired, creditor Kreisler Law P.C. obtained and recorded a state-court judgment and lien in April 2015 on a pre-petition debt; Kreisler later asserted it was unaware of the 2015 bankruptcy until 2017 but conceded notice in the prior case address.
- Debtors moved for sanctions under § 362(k) for violating the automatic stay; Kreisler moved under § 362(j) to confirm the stay had terminated.
- The core dispute was statutory: whether § 362(c)(3)(A) terminates the stay only as to the debtor personally, only as to non‑estate property, or as to debtor and all property (estate and non‑estate); the court adopted the interpretation that termination applies to the debtor(s) personally and to both estate and non‑estate property of those debtors.
Issues
| Issue | Debtors' Argument | Kreisler's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Scope of stay termination under 11 U.S.C. § 362(c)(3)(A) | Termination limited to debtor personally; stay remains for estate property | Stay terminates as to debtor and estate and non‑estate property (i.e., broad termination) | Court held stay terminated as to the debtor(s) and their property (estate and non‑estate) subject to § 362(c)(3) on Feb 14, 2015 |
| Sanctions for post‑petition judgment recorded in April 2015 | Kreisler violated the stay and should be sanctioned under § 362(k) | Kreisler acted after the stay had terminated and sanctions are unwarranted | No sanctions: court found no actionable violation during the stay and imputed knowledge did not alone establish sanctionable conduct |
Key Cases Cited
- In re Daniel, 404 B.R. 318 (Bankr. N.D. Ill. 2009) (advocates reading § 362(c)(3)(A) to apply to the serially‑filing debtor and thus to that debtor’s person and property)
- In re Reswick, 446 B.R. 362 (B.A.P. 9th Cir. 2011) (interprets § 362(c)(3)(A) as terminating the stay as to the serial‑filing debtor’s property and person)
- In re Bender, 562 B.R. 578 (E.D.N.Y. 2016) (views stay termination as applying to actions with respect to particular debt/property regardless of estate classification)
- In re Holcomb, 380 B.R. 813 (B.A.P. 10th Cir. 2008) (majority view treating termination as limited to non‑estate property)
