403 P.3d 1266
Mont.2017Background
- Mother (J.C.) signed a court-approved treatment plan requiring a psychological evaluation and agreement to follow its recommendations as part of reunification with her child M.C.
- Dr. Theresa Reed performed the psychological evaluation on September 3, 2015; the report included history, mental status, test results, conclusions, and recommendations.
- The Department filed to terminate Mother's parental rights in November 2016 after reunification efforts failed; a termination hearing occurred in January 2017.
- At the hearing the Department sought to admit Dr. Reed’s evaluation; Mother objected on hearsay grounds.
- The District Court admitted the evaluation as part of the court-ordered proceedings but limited use to the recommendations; Mother appealed the evidentiary ruling.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether the court properly admitted Mother’s psychological evaluation at the termination hearing | The evaluation is inadmissible hearsay and should not be used against Mother. | The evaluation was court-ordered as part of the treatment plan and thus properly considered in the proceedings (alternative: business‑records exception). | The evaluation was properly considered because the court ordered it and it became part of the court record; Mother could have subpoenaed the evaluator to confront/test the report. |
Key Cases Cited
- In re A.D.B., 305 P.3d 739 (Mont. 2013) (parental rights are fundamental and termination must follow statutory guidelines)
- In re A.N., 995 P.2d 427 (Mont. 2000) (standard for reviewing district court evidentiary rulings)
- In re D.B., 288 P.3d 160 (Mont. 2012) (statutory factors for termination include treatment-plan compliance and parental condition unlikely to change)
- In re T.E., 54 P.3d 38 (Mont. 2002) (issues not raised in district court are generally waived on appeal)
