In Re LS
257 P.3d 201
| Colo. | 2011Background
- Parenting dispute over custody of child born 2001; child resides in Colorado with mother, father resides in Nebraska.
- Father filed Nebraska custody action; Nebraska court initially awarded custody to father and later final decree awarded custody to father.
- Colorado mother filed a Colorado custody action; Colorado court awarded custody to mother and did not enforce Nebraska decree.
- Nebraska order was challenged under PKPA/UCCJEA; Colorado Court of Appeals held Nebraska lacked jurisdiction but Nebraska decree entitled to full faith and credit.
- Colorado Supreme Court reversed, holding Nebraska did not have jurisdiction under PKPA/UCCJEA, so Colorado need not enforce Nebraska decree.
- Warrant issued by Nebraska for return of child; mother continued to reside in Colorado and did not comply with Nebraska order.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Did Nebraska act in compliance with PKPA to exercise custody jurisdiction? | Spotanski: Nebraska complied with PKPA requirements. | McNamara: Nebraska failed PKPA requirements. | Nebraska did not comply with PKPA. |
| Must Colorado enforce Nebraska's custody decree if Nebraska lacked PKPA-compliant jurisdiction? | Spotanski: yes, enforceable under PKPA/UCCJEA. | McNamara: no, no full faith and credit from PKPA. | Colorado not required to enforce Nebraska decree. |
| Which state was the child's home state for initial jurisdiction purposes? | Spotanski: Nebraska home state; jurisdiction proper there. | McNamara: Colorado home state; Nebraska declined to exercise. | Colorado was the child's home state; Nebraska lacked jurisdiction. |
Key Cases Cited
- Thompson v. Thompson, 484 U.S. 174 (1988) (PKPA aims for nationwide enforcement of custody orders)
- Durfee v. Duke, 375 U.S. 106 (1963) (full faith and credit in interstate custody disputes)
- A.J.C., 88 P.3d 599 (Colo. 2004) (Colorado recognizes PKPA governs enforcement)
- In re Baby Girl Clausen, 442 Mich. 648 (1993) (PKPA enforcement considerations in interstate custody)
