in Re Loretta Young Cantu
13-16-00632-CV
| Tex. App. | Dec 8, 2016Background
- Rolando Cantu, as receiver for Preferred Ambulance, paid the company’s alleged unpaid payroll taxes (~$137,503.75) and sued Loretta Young Cantu (relator) and Horacio Cantu Jr. seeking indemnity, declaratory relief, breach of contract, and related claims.
- Rolando filed a no-evidence motion for summary judgment targeting relator’s 18 affirmative defenses and five counterclaims; after hearing, the trial court signed an order on March 17, 2016 granting Rolando’s motion and dismissing relator’s counterclaims with prejudice.
- The March 17 order resolved only relator’s defenses and counterclaims; it did not address Rolando’s affirmative claims against relator or his claims against Horacio, and it contained no language expressly declaring finality.
- The district clerk sent notice describing the order as a “final judgment” and the case file/docket reflected the case as disposed, which led relator to forbear further action and the clerk to decline to set relator’s later summary-judgment motions.
- Rolando later filed an amended petition and a new motion for summary judgment, which the trial court set for hearing; relator sought mandamus to vacate that setting, arguing the court’s plenary power had expired because the March 17 order was final.
- The court of appeals held the March 17 order was interlocutory (it did not dispose of all claims and parties), so the trial court retained plenary jurisdiction; the mandamus petition was denied and the temporary stay lifted.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether the March 17, 2016 summary-judgment order was a final judgment such that the trial court’s plenary power expired | Relator: the March 17 order (and clerk’s “final judgment” notice/docket entries) was final; plenary power expired and any later setting is void | Rolando: the March 17 order was interlocutory because it did not dispose of Rolando’s claims against relator or claims against Horacio; trial court retained jurisdiction | Held: Interlocutory. The order did not dispose of all claims/parties and contained no unmistakable finality language; trial court retains plenary power; mandamus denied |
| Whether mandamus is available without showing lack of an adequate appellate remedy when an order is void | Relator: a void post-plenary order is subject to mandamus without showing inadequate appellate remedy | Rolando: not reached on merits because the order was not void | Held: Court did not reach issue because relator failed on finality; mandamus denied |
Key Cases Cited
- Lehmann v. Har–Con Corp., 39 S.W.3d 191 (Tex. 2001) (defining when a non-trial judgment is final for appeal: must dispose of all claims and parties or state unmistakable finality)
- Farm Bureau County Mutual Insurance Co. v. Rogers, 455 S.W.3d 161 (Tex. 2015) (reaffirming Lehmann standard for judgments rendered without conventional trial)
- In re Southwestern Bell Telephone Co., 35 S.W.3d 602 (Tex. 2000) (orders issued after a trial court’s plenary power expires are void and subject to mandamus)
- Walker v. Packer, 827 S.W.2d 833 (Tex. 1992) (standards for mandamus relief and burden on relator)
- In re H.E.B. Grocery Co., L.P., 492 S.W.3d 300 (Tex. 2016) (mandamus is extraordinary relief; relator must show clear abuse and lack of adequate appellate remedy)
