613 B.R. 279
9th Cir. BAP2020Background
- Debtor filed chapter 7 in December 2017 and listed a 15% interest in a family-owned residence in Ferndale, WA (valued at $90,000 to her) and claimed a $125,000 Washington homestead exemption.
- Debtor occupied the Property as her principal residence on the petition date. Shortly after filing she married and moved out to live with her husband.
- Trustee objected, arguing (a) Debtor lacked intent to reside on the petition date and (b) under RCW § 6.13.050 the homestead was presumed abandoned after six months of continuous absence without a filed declaration of nonabandonment.
- Debtor relied on the bankruptcy "snapshot rule": exemption rights are fixed as of the petition date, and she occupied the Property on that date.
- The bankruptcy court overruled Trustee’s objection; Trustee appealed. The Panel affirmed.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether Debtor lost homestead exemption by moving out post‑petition and not filing a declaration of nonabandonment within six months | Debtor lacked present intent to reside; RCW presumes abandonment after six months and thus exemption is forfeited | Snapshot rule fixes exemptions on petition date; Debtor occupied the home on that date so entitlement exists regardless of later move | Affirmed: occupancy on the petition date conferred the automatic Washington homestead; the six‑month abandonment presumption is evidentiary and does not automatically strip an exemption fixed at filing |
| Proper monetary amount of the exemption | Exemption should be limited to Debtor’s $90,000 equity interest | Debtor claimed the statutory homestead amount ($125,000) | Not decided: bankruptcy court made no factual finding on value and Trustee conceded the issue was not properly before the court; left to bankruptcy court to resolve |
Key Cases Cited
- In re Jacobson, 676 F.3d 1193 (9th Cir. 2012) (post‑petition sale proceeds must be reinvested under California rule; failure can defeat otherwise fixed exemption)
- In re Golden, 789 F.2d 698 (9th Cir. 1986) (California reinvestment requirement caused forfeiture of exemption when debtor failed to reinvest proceeds)
- In re Gitts, 116 B.R. 174 (9th Cir. BAP 1990) (under Washington law post‑petition declaration of homestead can create protection valid against trustee)
- White v. Stump, 266 U.S. 310 (U.S. 1924) (snapshot rule: exemptions determined as of the bankruptcy petition date)
- Wilson v. Rigby, 909 F.3d 306 (9th Cir. 2018) (value of an exemption is limited to the amount lawfully claimable on the petition date)
