in Re J R Bell-Smith Minor
338019
Mich. Ct. App.Dec 14, 2017Background
- Child (female) was five when, after a 3–5 day visit with respondent (her father), she immediately told her grandmother that respondent had sexually assaulted her; mother and forensic interviewer heard consistent statements.
- Forensic interview was video recorded; interviewer followed protocol and testified to the child’s understanding of truth/lie distinctions.
- Initial trial court admitted the DVD statements at adjudication and terminated respondent’s rights; this Court reversed and remanded because the court admitted the DVD itself and combined adjudicative/dispositional proceedings.
- On remand a new judge held a proper tender-years hearing, admitted the child’s statements through the forensic interviewer, and conducted separate adjudicative and dispositional hearings; the child testified behind a screen, appeared scared, and partially corroborated prior statements.
- Trial court found statutory grounds under MCL 712A.19b(3)(b)(i), (g), and (j) and that termination was in the child’s best interests; this appeal challenges those findings.
Issues
| Issue | Petitioner (State) / Mother | Respondent (Bell‑Smith) | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether clear and convincing evidence supports termination under § 19b(3)(b)(i) (parent caused sexual abuse and future risk) | Child’s forensic interview, mother’s corroboration, child’s fear show sexual abuse by respondent and future risk | Denies abuse; claims mother/grandmother coached child and child lied | Affirmed: evidence supports (b)(i) termination |
| Whether § 19b(3)(g) (failure to provide proper care/custody) is established | Sexual assault shows failure to provide proper care and no reasonable expectation respondent can provide care | Denies allegations; disputes failure finding | Affirmed: sexual abuse demonstrates failure and no reasonable expectation of future care |
| Whether § 19b(3)(j) (reasonable likelihood of future harm) is established | Child’s consistent reports, fear, and respondent’s conduct/capacity make future harm likely | Denies allegations; points to positive parent–child interactions | Affirmed: reasonable likelihood of future harm found |
| Whether termination is in child’s best interests | Child’s ongoing fear, need for safety/permanency, corroborated abuse reports favor termination | Argues lack of services and denies abuse; contends bond and parenting ability | Affirmed: trial court did not clearly err in best‑interests determination |
Key Cases Cited
- In re Mason, 486 Mich. 142 (2010) (standard of review for termination grounds: clear and convincing)
- In re LaFrance Minors, 306 Mich. App. 713 (2014) (review of best‑interests determination)
- In re JK, 468 Mich. 202 (2003) (definition of clearly erroneous)
- In re VanDalen, 293 Mich. App. 120 (2011) (only one statutory ground required to terminate)
- In re Ellis, 294 Mich. App. 30 (2011) (same principle: single ground suffices)
- In re Terry, 240 Mich. App. 14 (2000) (reunification services not always required)
- In re HRC, 286 Mich. App. 444 (2009) (when DHHS seeks termination, services need not be provided)
- In re Moss, 301 Mich. App. 76 (2013) (benchmarks and burden for best‑interests finding)
- In re White, 303 Mich. App. 701 (2014) (factors for best‑interests analysis)
- In re Johnson, 305 Mich. App. 328 (2014) (standard of review for best‑interests)
- In re Williams, 286 Mich. App. 253 (2009) (clarifies meaning of clearly erroneous in parental‑rights cases)
