246 A.3d 391
R.I.2021Background
- In 2006 Carmen Neumann created a revocable trust naming herself trustee and her sons Michael and Joseph Cassiere as successor cotrustees; she transferred a Florida condominium into the trust.
- Neumann died in 2010; the trust directed immediate equal distribution to her two sons and payment of debts should not postpone distribution.
- The trust remained undistributed for years; Michael (plaintiff) alleges Joseph (defendant) refused to agree to sell, failed to maintain the property, and neglected taxes/mortgage; Michael paid expenses and engaged an agent and accountant.
- Michael sued to sell the property, terminate the trust, remove Joseph as trustee, and recover reimbursement; Joseph counterclaimed for breach of fiduciary duty and sought removal and an accounting.
- The court authorized sale without Joseph’s signature (Feb. 1, 2018); sale proceeds were escrowed. Michael moved for summary judgment and sought reimbursement of $9,023.45; Joseph objected but produced no substantive evidence despite a Rule 56(f) continuance.
- The Superior Court granted summary judgment for the Estate on the counterclaim, ordered reimbursement and equal distribution of remaining corpus ($135,565.73); Joseph appealed.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether summary judgment on defendant's counterclaim for breach of fiduciary duty was improper because material facts were disputed | Michael: Joseph produced no competent evidence; burden on Joseph to show a material dispute; court gave continuance he did not use | Joseph: Tax returns and expense entries create disputed material facts and support breach/damages | Affirmed — summary judgment proper; Joseph failed to present admissible evidence or damages despite Rule 56(f) opportunity |
| Whether trust language required turning over trust assets to Joseph (cotrustee) for distribution | Michael/Estate: distribution was proper after resolution of claims and sale proceeds were escrowed; no outstanding claims remained | Joseph: Plain trust language requires successor trustee (him) to receive and distribute assets | Affirmed — distribution appropriate; Joseph forfeited claim and intent-of-settlor language supports immediate distribution to beneficiaries |
| Whether trial justice erred by relying on plaintiff’s post-decision affidavit of reimbursement expenses | Michael/Estate: Joseph did not object at hearing and acquiesced when court sought his preference; objection is waived on appeal | Joseph: Affidavit was filed after judgment and cannot be considered | Affirmed — issue waived under raise-or-waive rule; no timely objection made |
Key Cases Cited
- Glassie v. Doucette, 157 A.3d 1092 (de novo standard of review for summary judgment)
- Sullo v. Greenberg, 68 A.3d 404 (party opposing summary judgment must produce competent evidence of a material factual dispute)
- Brochu v. Santis, 939 A.2d 449 (opponent cannot rely on mere allegations or conclusions to defeat summary judgment)
- Jaffe v. Pournaras, 178 A.3d 978 (primary objective in trust construction is to effectuate settlor's intent using plain language)
- Rohena v. City of Providence, 154 A.3d 935 (raise-or-waive rule; litigants must preserve objections below to raise on appeal)
