601 F. App'x 632
10th Cir.2015Background
- Ms. Druley, an Oklahoma prisoner, sues ODOC employees under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 for alleged Eighth Amendment and Equal Protection violations related to her transgender health care.
- Prior to incarceration, she had gender-identity disorder and underwent two of three gender reassignment surgeries; name and birth records identify her as female.
- She alleges hormone treatment was stopped/started irregularly and dosages were below World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH) standards.
- She seeks a TRO and preliminary injunction to raise hormone levels to WPATH levels, allow feminine undergarments, and move to non-air-conditioned housing.
- The magistrate recommended denying injunctive relief; the district court adopted the recommendation, denying both TRO and preliminary injunction.
- The appellate court lacks jurisdiction to review the TRO denial but has jurisdiction to review the district court’s denial of the preliminary injunction.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether the TRO denial is appealable. | Druley seeks review of TRO denial as immediately appealable. | No final order or practical denial of an injunction; TRO denial not appealable. | TRO denial dismissed; not appealable. |
| Whether the district court abused its discretion in denying the preliminary injunction. | WPATH hormone levels are medically necessary; failure to provide them constitutes irreparable harm. | Insufficient medical evidence; no likelihood of success on merits; WPATH guidelines flexible; no irreparable harm shown. | Abuse of discretion not shown; denial affirmed. |
| Whether Druley can establish Eighth Amendment deliberate indifference to a serious medical need. | ODOC failed to provide required hormone therapy per WPATH; continued risk of harm without treatment. | No medical evidence demonstrating the specific levels; treatments are a medical judgment; not deliberately indifferent. | No substantial likelihood of success; no deliberate indifference proven. |
| Whether Druley can prevail on an Equal Protection claim based on housing and attire. | Transgender status warrants protection; denial of feminine attire and housing could be unequal. | Transgender status not a protected class for strict scrutiny; clothing/housing rationally related to penological interests. | No likelihood of success; rational relation shown. |
Key Cases Cited
- Supre v. Ricketts, 792 F.2d 958 (10th Cir. 1986) (establishes standard for Eighth Amendment medical-care claims in prison)
- Kosilek v. Spencer, 774 F.3d 63 (1st Cir. 2014) (recognizes flexible, individualized standards of care for transgender health)
- Etsitty v. Utah Transit Auth., 502 F.3d 1215 (10th Cir. 2007) (no protected-class status for transgender employees in this context)
- Brown v. Zavaras, 63 F.3d 967 (10th Cir. 1995) (dissenting/affirming treatment claims for transgender prisoners; equal protection considerations)
- City of Cleburne v. Cleburne Living Center, 473 U.S. 432 (1985) (rational-basis review applies to non-suspect classifications)
- Populist Party v. Herschler, 746 F.2d 656 (10th Cir. 1984) (distinguishes appealability of TROs and injunctions)
- United States v. Colorado, 937 F.2d 505 (10th Cir. 1991) (practical effect requirement for TRO appeal denials)
- Garza v. Davis, 596 F.3d 1198 (10th Cir. 2010) (liberal construction of pro se briefs in injunctive-review context)
