Doe v. McCoy
297 Neb. 321
| Neb. | 2017Background
- Plaintiffs filed a 2016 tort complaint (using pseudonyms Jane and John Doe) alleging sexual abuse of Jane by defendant McCoy between 1991–1999 when she was a minor; John sought loss of consortium.
- Jane was born in 1985, turned 21 on September 21, 2006; plaintiffs filed suit February 3, 2016.
- Defendant moved to dismiss claiming the claims were time-barred and that the complaint improperly used pseudonyms rather than real names under Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-301.
- The district court concluded §§ 25-207 (4-year limitations) and 25-213 (tolling until age 21 for minors) meant the limitations expired September 21, 2010, so the 2016 suit was barred.
- Plaintiffs argued Neb. Rev. Stat. § 25-228 (enacted 2012, extending child sexual-assault claims to 12 years after 21st birthday) made the suit timely; the district court rejected this because the prior bar was already complete when § 25-228 was enacted.
- The district court also denied anonymous pleading; the Nebraska Supreme Court affirmed dismissal on statute-of-limitations grounds and declined to address the anonymity issue.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether § 25-228 (2012) extends limitations for actions already time-barred before its enactment | § 25-228 extends the filing deadline to 12 years after plaintiff's 21st birthday, making the 2016 suit timely | A defendant’s completed statutory bar (expired 2010) cannot be removed by later enactment; § 25-228 cannot resurrect extinguished claims | § 25-228 does not apply to claims already barred when enacted; suit was time-barred |
| Whether plaintiffs could proceed anonymously (use pseudonyms) without prior court approval | Plaintiffs sought to proceed as Jane and John Doe due to sensitivity of sexual-abuse allegations | Defendant argued § 25-301 requires actions in real party names; anonymity requires prior court approval and is disfavored | Court did not decide on appeal (dismissal on limitations dispositive); district court had denied anonymity request |
Key Cases Cited
- Schendt v. Dewey, 246 Neb. 573 (1994) (legislature may not revive claims extinguished under prior limitations)
- Givens v. Anchor Packing, 237 Neb. 565 (1991) (amendment cannot resurrect an action the prior statute extinguished; vested rights and due process limits)
- Irwin v. West Gate Bank, 288 Neb. 353 (2014) (appellate courts need not decide issues unnecessary to disposition)
- Lindner v. Kindig, 293 Neb. 661 (2016) (which statute of limitations applies is a question of law reviewed independently)
- Rasmussen v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co., 278 Neb. 289 (2009) (loss-of-consortium claim is derivative of a viable plaintiff's claim)
- Harring v. Gress, 295 Neb. 852 (2017) (grant of motion to dismiss reviewed de novo)
