Darrell Wayne Bell v. State
12-15-00022-CR
| Tex. App. | Jul 10, 2015Background
- Darrell Wayne Bell was convicted of Continuous Sexual Abuse of a Young Child (Tex. Penal Code §21.02) based on multiple alleged acts spanning more than 30 days; the indictment alleged specific instances constituting Indecency with a Child and Aggravated Sexual Assault.
- On appeal, Bell argued trial counsel was ineffective for failing to request jury instructions on lesser-included offenses (Indecency with a Child and Aggravated Sexual Assault).
- At trial, the victim L.K. testified to multiple incidents; appellant points to perceived inconsistencies in that testimony as the basis for asking a lesser-included instruction.
- The State concedes those two offenses are lesser-included offenses under the first Hall prong but argues the evidence does not support submission under the second prong.
- The State contends the record contains no evidence "directly germane" to a theory that would allow a rational jury to convict only of a lesser offense and that credibility disputes cannot by themselves justify a lesser-included instruction.
- The State further argues that, even if a lesser instruction were warranted, the silent trial record precludes finding counsel deficient under Strickland because counsel’s strategic reasons (if any) are unknown.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether trial counsel was ineffective for not requesting lesser-included-offense instructions | Bell: counsel was ineffective because inconsistencies in victim testimony could have led jury to convict only on lesser offenses | State: lesser offenses are not supported by evidence directly germane to them; credibility disputes alone won't warrant an instruction; record silent as to counsel's strategy | The State urges: no ineffective assistance—lesser-included instruction not warranted by evidence; alternatively, record insufficient to show deficient performance under Strickland |
Key Cases Cited
- Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S. 668 (establishes two-prong ineffective-assistance standard)
- Hall v. State, 225 S.W.3d 524 (Tex. Crim. App. 2007) (two-part test for lesser-included-offense instruction)
- Rice v. State, 333 S.W.3d 140 (Tex. Crim. App. 2011) (evidence must permit rational jury to find defendant guilty only of lesser offense)
- Goad v. State, 354 S.W.3d 443 (Tex. Crim. App. 2011) (courts must not consider credibility disputes when deciding whether to submit lesser-included offense)
- Banda v. State, 890 S.W.2d 42 (Tex. Crim. App. 1994) (same principle regarding credibility)
- Ex parte Thompson, 179 S.W.3d 549 (Tex. Crim. App. 2005) (if instruction not warranted, counsel not ineffective for failing to request it)
- Ex parte Zepeda, 819 S.W.2d 874 (Tex. Crim. App. 1991) (rare circumstances where direct-appeal record can show ineffective assistance)
