Commonwealth v. Wilgus
40 A.3d 1201
| Pa. | 2012Background
- Wilgus, previously convicted of aggravated indecent assault, was classified as a sexually violent predator and subject to Megan's Law registration.
- He was sentenced to five to ten years after resentencing that occurred without Megan's Law requirements being applied.
- Upon release in 2007, he reported an intended address (1708 Market Street) to authorities.
- No apartments were available at that address, and he slept at various places without informing authorities of a change of residence.
- Megan's Law requires reporting current and intended residences and changes of residence within 48 hours; Wilgus failed to report a change after he stopped residing at 1708 Market Street.
- Superior Court held he had no residence under the statute and discharged the charges; the Commonwealth appealed.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether 'residence' under Megan's Law includes homelessness. | Wilgus argues homelessness renders no reportable residence. | Commonwealth contends residence is defined by statute and includes intended or current locations. | No; statute defines residence and imposes reporting for changes even for homeless registrants. |
| Whether Wilgus’s lack of a fixed residence defeats a registration obligation. | State contends he had an intended residence at 1708 Market Street and thus a reportable change of residence occurred when he ceased residing there. | Wilgus maintains there was no residence to report and no change of residence when homeless. | Rejected; statutory change-of-residence notice applies to intended or current residences, including homeless situations. |
| Whether the statute is void for vagueness as applied to the homeless. | Homeless offenders are not adequately addressed by the fixed-residence definition. | Statute clearly defines residence and requires notification of changes. | Statute is constitutionally clear as applied; no vagueness in the registration requirements as to the homeless. |
| Whether Twine/Pickett control the interpretation of 'residence' for homeless registrants. | These cases support treating homelessness as not constituting a change of residence. | Pennsylvania's statute defines residence; Twine/Pickett are inapposite. | Twine/Pickett are inapplicable; plain statutory language governs. |
Key Cases Cited
- Twine v. State, 395 Md. 539, 910 A.2d 1132 (Md. 2006) (defined residence for homeless offender context; not binding)
- Pickett v. Washington, 95 Wash. App. 475, 975 P.2d 584 (Wash. App. 1999) (homeless registrants reporting changes; interpretive guidance)
- Dowdy v. Michigan, 489 Mich. 373, 802 N.W.2d 239 (Mich. 2011) (notify of new residence/change of domicile; homelessness not exempt)
- Iverson v. Minnesota, 664 N.W.2d 346 (Minn. 2003) (address/residence reporting context; implications for homeless)
