1:20-cv-07937
S.D.N.Y.Mar 26, 2021Background
- Petitioner CKR Law LLP (escrow agent) filed to compel arbitration on Sept. 25, 2020 against several foreign respondents, including Gulzhan Namazbaeva, who is alleged to be located outside the U.S.
- Petitioner's initial request for alternative service on Namazbaeva (via Five Stars Design Ltd. address) was denied for insufficient proof of her connection to that company and due process concerns.
- Court previously granted alternative service as to other respondents and gave petitioner time to complete a UK private investigator's inquiry into Namazbaeva.
- The investigator located a residential address in Twickenham, London, and traced Namazbaeva to UK corporate records listing her as director of Five Stars and Steppe Capital (UK) Ltd.
- Petitioner moved under Fed. R. Civ. P. 4(f)(3) to serve Namazbaeva by registered mail to: (1) her UK residence, (2) Five Stars’ registered office (UK), and (3) Anderson’s office in Nevis (which shares an address with a registered agent).
- The Court evaluated Hague Convention constraints (UK is a signatory and does not object to service by mail), due process (Mullane ‘‘reasonably calculated’’ standard), and whether service to a corporate employer or registered agent address would likely notify a high-level employee.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Service by registered mail to Namazbaeva's UK residential address | PI located a current residential address; registered mail will notify her | Previously: insufficient proof of association with a listed corporate address; no effective opposition to current proof | Granted — UK allows mail under Hague; service is reasonably calculated to notify her |
| Service by registered mail to Five Stars' registered office (UK) | Namazbaeva is a director; service on employer likely to reach a high‑level employee | Same as above / no effective opposition | Granted — service on corporate employer comports with due process |
| Service by registered mail to Anderson's Nevis office | Anderson's Nevis address matches a registered agent; mail likely forwarded to Namazbaeva; Nevis has no treaty prohibition | No effective opposition raised | Granted — Nevis has no Hague prohibition and service to corporate address satisfies due process |
Key Cases Cited
- Water Splash, Inc. v. Menon, 137 S. Ct. 1504 (2017) (service by mail permitted under Hague Service Convention where receiving state does not object and domestic law authorizes mail)
- Mullane v. Central Hanover Bank & Trust Co., 339 U.S. 306 (1950) (due process requires notice be "reasonably calculated" to apprise interested parties of the action)
