93 F.4th 360
6th Cir.2024Background
- Cameron Cooper, diagnosed with Tourette Syndrome with coprolalia (involuntary use of profanity and racial slurs), was employed by Coca-Cola Consolidated, Inc. (CCCI) as a delivery merchandiser, a role requiring excellent customer service to CCCI clients.
- CCCI received complaints from customers about Cooper's offensive language, prompting the company to provide various workplace accommodations over the years, including changing his route and, eventually, proposing a transfer to a non-customer-facing warehouse position.
- Following the transfer and a reduction in pay, Cooper resigned and subsequently filed an ADA lawsuit alleging disability discrimination (failure to accommodate), constructive discharge, and related claims (dropping retaliation and failure-to-engage-in-the-interactive-process by summary judgment).
- The district court granted summary judgment to CCCI, finding Cooper was neither qualified for his original position without accommodation nor entitled to his preferred accommodations.
- On appeal, Cooper contested summary judgment on his failure-to-accommodate and constructive discharge ADA claims.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Qualification without Accommodation | Cooper could perform job without accommodation despite tics. | Cooper could not provide required customer service; slurs were decipherable. | Cooper was not otherwise qualified to perform role without accommodation. |
| Reasonable Accommodation | CCCI should have assigned him to non-customer-facing delivery route. | No such non-customer-facing routes were vacant; warehouse reassignment reasonable. | Plaintiff did not show preferred routes were available; warehouse was reasonable. |
| Constructive Discharge | Transfer to warehouse was an intolerable demotion forcing resignation. | Transfer was an attempt to reasonably accommodate, not force termination. | Plaintiff presented no evidence CCCI intended to force resignation. |
Key Cases Cited
- Monette v. Elec. Data Sys. Corp., 90 F.3d 1173 (6th Cir. 1996) (articulating the basic ADA accommodation standards and burdens)
- Kleiber v. Honda of Am. Mfg., Inc., 485 F.3d 862 (6th Cir. 2007) (direct evidence test for ADA failure-to-accommodate claims)
- Cassidy v. Detroit Edison Co., 138 F.3d 629 (6th Cir. 1998) (employer may reassign employee to lower graded position if comparable option unavailable)
- Savage v. Gee, 665 F.3d 732 (6th Cir. 2012) (constructive discharge standards for intolerable work conditions)
- Blachet v. Charter Commc’ns, LLC, 27 F.4th 1221 (6th Cir. 2022) (failure-to-accommodate claims involve direct evidence)
