273 So. 3d 717
Miss.2019Background
- Mary Saunders Waller (age 90, legally blind, hard of hearing) executed a deed on Jan. 22, 2015 transferring ~39.25 acres to her daughter Brenda Gordon and son‑in‑law Craig Gordon; the Gordons had acted as her caregivers and had a confidential relationship with her.
- The Gordons had Waller cosign a $44,000 loan using her assets as collateral; they handled logistics for the land transfer (drove her to the attorney, hired the surveyor) and did not notify other family members.
- A conservatorship was opened for Waller on Sept. 7, 2016; she died May 26, 2017; the estate filed to set aside the deed, and the chancery court granted relief and set the deed aside on Nov. 8, 2017.
- At trial, the chancery court excluded testimony from Waller’s physicians and her attorney based on asserted ex parte contacts by the Gordons’ counsel; the Gordons objected to exclusion on appeal.
- The chancery court found a confidential relationship and that the Gordons failed to rebut the presumption of undue influence; the trial court’s exclusion rulings and denial of a Rule 59 motion were central on appeal.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether exclusion of physicians’ testimony for ex parte contacts was reversible error | Estate: Exclusion proper under Scott and M.R.E. 503(f) due to ex parte contacts | Gordons: Exclusion improper; no opportunity to present those witnesses | Court: Affirmed exclusion; Gordons failed to preserve via offer of proof, so no reversible error |
| Whether ex parte‑contact rule extends to attorneys | Estate: Rule should apply to prevent improper communications | Gordons: Rule should not bar attorney testimony; exclusion was unfair and untimely objection | Court: Will not extend Scott to attorneys (rule limited to medical providers) but found Gordons waived the issue by conceding at trial and failing to timely preserve |
| Whether denial of Rule 59 motion (new trial / amend) was abuse of discretion | Gordons: Late proffer attached to Rule 59 showing attorney’s testimony would have helped; they were ambushed | Estate: Gordons should have raised issue at trial; Rule 59 cannot be used to raise issues not preserved | Court: No abuse of discretion; Rule 59 cannot be used to raise issues that could and should have been made at trial |
| Whether deed should be set aside for undue influence | Estate: Confidential relationship + circumstances support presumption of undue influence | Gordons: Waller was competent and intended transfer; caretaking justified transfer | Court: Deed set aside—chancery court’s finding that Gordons couldn’t rebut presumption was affirmed |
Key Cases Cited
- Scott v. Flynt, 704 So. 2d 998 (Miss. 1996) (establishes ex parte‑contact rule for medical providers and bases it on M.R.E. 503(f))
- U. of Miss. Med. Ctr. v. Foster, 107 So. 3d 149 (Miss. 2013) (proffer requirement; without an offer of proof appellate review of excluded testimony is impossible)
- Brown v. Miss. Transp. Comm’n, 749 So. 2d 948 (Miss. 1999) (trial court cannot be put in error on matters not presented to it)
- McNeese v. McNeese, 119 So. 3d 264 (Miss. 2013) (standard and discretion for Rule 59 new trial or amendment)
- Barriffe v. Estate of Nelson, 153 So. 3d 613 (Miss. 2014) (recognizing broad discretionary corrective role of new‑trial motions)
- Rosenzweig v. Azurix Corp., 332 F.3d 854 (5th Cir. 2003) (Rule 59 cannot be used to raise arguments that could and should have been made before judgment)
