Billy Joe Russell, Jr., AKA Joe Billy Russell, Jr., AKA Craig C. Scott v. State of Tennessee
M2015-02318-CCA-R3-PC
| Tenn. Crim. App. | Oct 13, 2016Background
- Petitioner Billy Joe Russell, Jr. pled guilty in 2001 to theft (Class D) and evading arrest in a motor vehicle (Class E); concurrent two-year sentences were imposed.
- In September 2015 the petitioner filed a pro se post-conviction petition challenging three convictions; this appeal concerns the 2001 Class E evading-arrest conviction (Case No. 2001-I-316).
- He argued the evading statute is unconstitutionally vague in light of Johnson v. United States and that his sentences violated Blakely and Peugh.
- The post-conviction court dismissed the petition as time-barred under Tennessee Code Annotated § 40-30-102 because it was filed more than one year after the judgments became final.
- The Court of Criminal Appeals affirmed, concluding (1) the petition was untimely and (2) Johnson did not render the Class E evading-arrest provision void for vagueness because the Class E offense does not involve the "risk of death or injury" element at issue in Johnson.
- The court applied Rule 20 for a memorandum affirmance because the appeal presented no colorable claim for relief and would add no precedential value.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Whether the evading-arrest statute is unconstitutionally vague under Johnson | Russell: Johnson renders statutes that assess risk ("risk of death or injury") void for vagueness; Tennessee's evading statute is similarly vague | State: The challenged conviction is a Class E offense that does not involve the "risk of death or injury" element addressed in Johnson; petition is untimely | Court: Petition time-barred; no colorable Johnson-based vagueness claim for the Class E conviction; dismissal affirmed |
| Whether Blakely/Peugh invalidate petitioner's sentences | Russell: Sentences for evading and drug convictions violated Sixth Amendment principles announced in Blakely and Peugh | State: Claims are untimely and do not present a colorable collateral attack | Court: Claims were not timely and did not warrant relief; dismissal affirmed |
| Whether the petition was timely under Tennessee post-conviction statutes | Russell: Petition should be timely because it falls within one year of federal opinions creating retroactive rights | State: Post-conviction statute of limitations bars relief; judgment became final more than one year before filing | Court: Petition was filed after statutory limitation; court lacks jurisdiction to grant relief; dismissal affirmed |
Key Cases Cited
- Johnson v. United States, 135 S. Ct. 2551 (2015) (addressing vagueness of the residual clause in the Armed Career Criminal Act)
- Blakely v. Washington, 542 U.S. 296 (2004) (holding Sixth Amendment requires jury factfinding for facts increasing sentence beyond statutory maximum)
- Peugh v. United States, 133 S. Ct. 2072 (2013) (addressing ex post facto concerns for sentencing guidelines and increased punishment)
