Biggers v. Walls
1:17-cv-00101
E.D. Ark.Dec 20, 2017Background
- Kevin Randell Biggers, an Arkansas inmate, filed a pro se § 1983 suit challenging county jail disciplinary proceedings and a resulting parole revocation and transfer to the Arkansas Department of Correction (ADC).
- After an August 29, 2017 parole-violation hearing, Biggers was ordered to remain in county jail for 90 days contingent on behavior; subsequent jail discipline altered that outcome.
- On September 1 and September 6, 2017, Biggers received disciplinary sanctions (72-hour lockdowns) for minor infractions; the second disciplinary produced a full parole revocation and transfer to the ADC.
- Biggers alleges selective enforcement (other inmates not disciplined), an inadequate grievance procedure, and that the transfer/revocation was retaliatory for filing a grievance.
- The magistrate judge screened the amended complaint under 28 U.S.C. §§ 1915A, 1915(e)(2) and found the factual allegations insufficient to state viable § 1983 claims, recommending dismissal.
Issues
| Issue | Plaintiff's Argument | Defendant's Argument | Held |
|---|---|---|---|
| Due process re: lockdowns/parole revocation | Biggers contends disciplinary lockdowns and revocation deprived him of liberty without due process | Defendants rely on ordinary disciplinary procedures and lack of a protected liberty interest in short lockdowns | Dismissed: 72-hour lockdowns not an "atypical and significant" hardship; no protected liberty interest shown for due process claim |
| Retaliation for filing grievance (transfer to ADC) | Biggers asserts he was transferred/extended because he filed a grievance after the disciplinary | Defendants assert transfer resulted from valid disciplinary/parole-revocation process | Court construed claim liberally as alleging retaliation but barred by Heck because success would invalidate the parole revocation |
| Equal protection (selective enforcement) | Biggers claims other inmates committed same acts without punishment | Defendants implicitly deny a constitutional violation, noting no protected class or identical comparators | Dismissed: allegations too conclusory; no protected class or adequate comparator alleged |
| Challenge to grievance procedure | Biggers claims the jail’s grievance system is inadequate | Defendants note inmates have no constitutional right to a grievance procedure | Dismissed: grievance-process complaints not actionable under § 1983 |
Key Cases Cited
- Bell Atlantic Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544 (2007) (complaint must plead plausible claim, not mere labels and conclusions)
- Sandin v. Conner, 515 U.S. 472 (1995) (liberty interests protected under Due Process depend on whether conditions impose atypical and significant hardship)
- Heck v. Humphrey, 512 U.S. 477 (1994) (§ 1983 claim that would invalidate a conviction or sentence is barred until conviction/sentence invalidated)
- Spencer v. Kemna, 523 U.S. 1 (1998) (Heck principles apply in parole-revocation context)
- Phillips v. Norris, 320 F.3d 844 (8th Cir. 2003) (prisoner must show deprivation of life, liberty, or property to state due process claim)
- Portley-El v. Brill, 288 F.3d 1063 (8th Cir. 2002) (administrative and disciplinary segregation usually not atypical and significant)
- Goff v. Burton, 91 F.3d 1188 (8th Cir. 1996) (transfer in retaliation for exercising constitutional rights states a claim)
- Flick v. Alba, 932 F.2d 728 (8th Cir. 1991) (no constitutional right to prison grievance procedures)
